Nodal Voltage Analysis is similar to the mesh analysis for calculating branch currents and node voltage
based on the same concepts of matrix analysis. As its name implies, Nodal Voltage Analysis uses the “Nodal” equations of Kirchhoff’s first law to find the voltage potentials around the circuit or calculation of node voltage.
So by adding together all these nodal voltages the net result will be equal to zero. Then, if there are “n” nodes in the circuit there will be “n-1” independent nodal equations and these alone are sufficient to describe and hence solve the circuit.
Nodal voltage Analysis is based upon the Kirchhoff’s first law equation, that is: “the currents entering a node or junction are exactly equal in value to the currents leaving that particular node or junction” then express each current in terms of the voltage across the branch. For “n” nodes, one node will be used as the reference node and all the other voltages will be referenced or measured with respect to this common node.
For example:-
In the following circuit, node D is chosen as the reference node or Ground node and the other three nodes are assumed to have voltages, Va, Vb and Vc with respect to node D.
Reference Potential at Node D
VD = 0 V
Potential at Node a and c is
Va = +10 V and
Potential at Node b
Further Calculating the above equation
Hence the node voltage At b node is
